Funktionen

Below you find a list of suggested topics. Please, consider the literature as starting point for your own research.

Topic Area 1: Blockchain Basics

1. Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronics Cash Systems
   • Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, 2008
   • Andreas Antonopoulos, Mastering Bitcoin, https://github.com/bitcoinbook/bitcoinbook, 2017
2. Ethereum and Smart Contracts
   • Vitalik Buterin, Ethereum White Paper, http://blockchainlab.com/pdf/Ethereum_white_paper-a_next_generation_smart_contract_and_decentralized_application_platform-vitalik-buterin.pdf
   • Nick Szabo, Smart Contracts: Building Blocks for Digital Markets, http://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/rob/Courses/InformationInSpeech/CDROM/Literature/LOTwinterschool2006/szabo.best.vwh.net/smart_contracts_2.html, 1996
   • Vitalik Buterin, DAOs, DACs, DAs and More: An Incomplete Terminology Guide, https://blog.ethereum.org/2014/05/06/daos-dacs-das-and-more-an-incomplete-terminology-guide/, 2014
   • Andreas Antonopoulos, Mastering Ethereum, https://github.com/ethereumbook/ethereumbook, 2018
3. Blockchain Applications
   • Fridgen et al, Chancen und Herausforderungen von DLT (Blockchain) in Mobilität und Logistik, https://www.bmvi.de/SharedDocs/DE/Anlage/DG/blockchain-gutachten.pdf, 2019
   • Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie, Blockchain-Strategie der Bundesregierung, https://www.bmwi.de/Redaktion/DE/Publikationen/Digitale-Welt/blockchain-strategie.pdf, 2019
   • T.D. Smith, The blockchain litmus test, https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8258183
   • Daniel Conte de Leon et al., Blockchain: properties and misconceptions, https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/APJIE-12-2017-034/full/html, 2017
   • Higginson et al., Blockchain's Occam Problem, https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/financial-services/our-insights/blockchains-occam-problem, 2019
4. Energy Efficiency
   • Goodkind et al., Cryptodamages: Monetary value estimates of the air pollution and human health impacts of cryptocurrency mining, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.101281
   • Krause et al., Quantification of energy and carbon costs for mining cryptocurrencies, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-018-0152-7?fbclid=IwAR2XMhY5a3UL_dEdZzuRs5YhBp0wlpcmLd7d6r8yPdMi-3ZWwRicbuFfqJE
   • Stoll et al., The Carbon Footprint of Bitcoin, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2542435119302557
5. Enterprise Blockchains: Hyperledger
   • Hyperledger, https://www.hyperledger.org/, 2018
   • Elli Androulaki, Hyperledger Fabric: A Distributed Operating System for Permissioned Blockchains, https://arxiv.org/abs/1801.10228
   • Hyperledger Sawtooth, https://www.hyperledger.org/projects/sawtooth
   • Hyperledger Private Data: https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-1.4/private-data/private-data.html

Topic Area 2: Architectures, Algorithms and Scalability

6. Consensus Algorithms
   • Satoshi Nakamoto, Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf, 2008
   • Adam Back: Hashcash - A Denial of Service Counter Measure, http://hashcash.org/papers/hashcash.pdf, 2002
   • Sunny King, Scott Nadal, PPCoin: Peer-to-Peer Crypto-Currency with Proof-of-Stake, https://peercoin.net/assets/paper/peercoin-paper.pdf, 2012
   • Ethereum Proof of Stake FAQ, https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Proof-of-Stake-FAQs, 2018
   • Ethereum Clique Proof of Authority (PoA), ERC 225, https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/225, 2018
   • Tendermint: https://tendermint.com/
7. Scalability: Sharding and Layer 2 Solutions
   • Blockchain Trilemma, https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Sharding-FAQ#this-sounds-like-theres-some-kind-of-scalability-trilemma-at-play-what-is-this-trilemma-and-can-we-break-through-it
   • Ethereum Sharding FAQ, https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Sharding-FAQ
   • Dang et al., Towards Scaling Blockchain Systems via Sharding, https://www.comp.nus.edu.sg/~hungdang/papers/sharding.pdf
   • Ethereum Proof of Stake FAQ, https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Proof-of-Stake-FAQs, 2018
   • The Bitcoin Lightning Network: Scalable Off-Chain Instant Payments, https://lightning.network/lightning-network-paper.pdf, 2016
   • Bitcoin Lightning Network Specification: https://github.com/lightningnetwork/lightning-rfc/blob/master/00-introduction.md, 2018
   • Stark, Making Sense of Ethereum's Layer 2 Scaling Solutions: State Channels, Plasma and Truebit, https://medium.com/l4-media/making-sense-of-ethereums-layer-2-scaling-solutions-state-channels-plasma-and-truebit-22cb40dcc2f4"
8. Sidechains and Interblockchain-Communication
   • Polkadot: https://polkadot.network/PolkaDotPaper.pdf
   • Cosmos, https://cosmos.network/resources/whitepaper
   • Koh, 5 Differences between Cosmos and Polkadot, https://medium.com/@juliankoh/5-differences-between-cosmos-polkadot-67f09535594b
   • Interchain Standards: Standards for the Cosmos network & interchain ecosystem, https://github.com/cosmos/ics
9. Blockchain Databases 1:
   • Quantum Ledger DB: https://aws.amazon.com/de/qldb/
   • BlockchainDB - A Shared Database on Blockchain, http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol12/p1597-el-hindi.pdf, 2019
   • Allen et al., Veritas: Shared Verifiable Databases and Tables in the Cloud, http://cidrdb.org/cidr2019/papers/p111-gehrke-cidr19.pdf, 2019
9. Blockchain Databases 2 (DB Internals):
   • Nathan et al., Blockchain Meets Database, http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol12/p1539-nathan.pdf
   • Wang et al., ForkBase: An Efficient Storage Engine for Blockchain, ForkBase: An Efficient Storage Engine for Blockchain and Forkable Applications
   • Ruan et al., Fine-Grained, Secure and Efficient Data Provenance on Blockchain Systems, http://www.vldb.org/pvldb/vol12/p975-ruan.pdf

Topic Area 3: Emerging Blockchain Topics

10. Blockchain and Data:
    • Mike Goldin, Token Curated Registry 1.0., https://medium.com/ @ilovebagels/token-curated-registries-1-0-61a232f8dac7, 2017.
    • Bharath Ramsundar et al., Tokenized Data Markets, https://arxiv.org/abs/1806.00139, 2018
    • Ocean Protocol: A Decentralized Data Exchange Protocol to Unlock Data for AI, https://oceanprotocol.com/tech-whitepaper.pdf, 2018
11. Self-Sovereign Identity
    • Guy Zyskind, Oz Nathan ; Alex 'Sandy' Pentland, Decentralizing Privacy: Using Blockchain to Protect Personal Data, IEEE, https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7163223, 2015
    • Ethereum Request for Comments 725 Identity (ERC-725), https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-725.md, 2018
    • Ethereum Request for Comments 735 Claim Holder (ERC-735), https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/735, 2018
    • W3C, Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs): Data Model and Syntaxes, https://w3c-ccg.github.io/did-spec/, 2018
    • Sovrin: A Protocol and Token for Self- Sovereign Identity and Decentralized Trust, https://sovrin.org/wp-content/uploads/Sovrin-Protocol-and-Token-White-Paper.pdf
    • Kuperberg, Blockchain-Based Identity Management: A Survey From the Enterprise and Ecosystem Perspective, https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8792372
12. Privacy: Challenges and Technologies (Zero Knowledge Proofs, TEEs)
    • Henry et al., Blockchain Access Privacy: Challenges and Direction, https://www.cs.purdue.edu/homes/akate/publications/BlockchainAccessPrivacy_preprint.pdf
    • Eli Ben-Sasson, Zerocash: Decentralized Anonymous Payments from Bitcoin, http://zerocash-project.org/media/pdf/zerocash-extended-20140518.pdf, 2014
    • Starkware, https://starkware.co/
    • Bulletproofs, https://crypto.stanford.edu/bulletproofs/
    • Eaymond Cheng et al., Ekiden: A Platform for Confidentiality-Preserving, Trustworthy, and Performant Smart Contract Execution, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.05141.pdf, 2018
    • Microsoft, The Confidential Consortium Blockchain Framework, https://github.com/Azure/coco-framework/raw/master/docs/Coco%20Framework%20whitepaper.pdf, 2018
    • OasisLab: https://www.oasislabs.com/